Year: 2012 Page 20 of 47

Classic Scientific Illustrations

Many stunning photos have been presented on this blog, and the recent announcement of the 2012 Anole Photo Contest is sure to draw many more.  Many of these images also grace the covers of scientific journals and are frequently used for creating vivid figures in papers.  Certainly, the ability to easily capture and reproduce high-quality photos has provided great benefits for science, but sometimes it’s also worth remembering that scientific illustration played an important role in communicating findings to other scientists and the general public.

The Guild of Natural Science Illustrators describes science illustrators as “artists in the service of science” for whom “accuracy and communication are essential,” and, while we tend to think of photography as the most realistic way to represent an image, GNSI points out that “the skilled scientific illustrator can clarify multiple focal depths and overlapping layers, emphasize important details, and reconstruct broken specimens on paper — results unattainable through photography.”

A post on this blog last year pointed to the New York Public Library’s digitization of their scientific illustration archives, and it looks like other museums are following suit.  For instance, The Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History has digitized about 6000 images from their entomology illustration archives and a huge number of images from other collections as well. There are also independent websites popping up that are collecting digital images of classic scientific illustrations on all subjects (e.g. http://scientificillustration.tumblr.com/archive and http://vintageprintable.swivelchairmedia.com/animal/animal-reptile-amphibian/).

These are definitely worth browsing if you’re interested in the history of science or just enjoy viewing finely created artistic pieces of the animals we study.

Backpacking Lizards For Science: Radio-Tracking Puerto Rican Anoles

Brad Lister and Andres Garcia report from Guanica, Puerto Rico:

Most likely, every researcher working in the field with anoles has had the same questions that we’ve wondered about for many years.  How much time do resident species spend in the canopy where they are hidden from our view? What is the home range of males and females? On average, how far do individuals move per day? On days when most of the lizards in a given habitat seem to disappear, where do they go? We tried to answer these and related questions by conducting hundreds of hours of observation on Anolis nebulosus in the Chamela dry forest in Jalisco, Mexico. Anolis nebulosus is very rare in this area and we spent more time finding lizards (2-3 hrs/individual) than actually making observations. Often, after hours of searching, the focal individual would disappear from view within minutes.

Obviously the ability to easily find and track small anoles using radio telemetry would be a major asset in our efforts to understand their behavior and ecology.  Previously, transmitter size limited radio tracking to relatively larger lizards such as Sceloporus, Phrynosoma, and Ameiva. Recently, however, Advanced Telemetry Systems has developed 0.2 and 0.5 gram transmitters that make tracking even 3-4 gram female anoles feasible. We are currently in Puerto Rico continuing with our research on climate change and Anolis ecology, and decided to use the ATS transmitters to track A. gundlachi, A. cooki, and A. cristatellus.

The photo to the left illustrates the ATS equipment we are using in the Luquiilo rainforest and the Guanica tropical dry forest.

Anoles Adopting Funny Postures

John Rahn regaled us with tales of the Big Kahuna, his big backyard sagrei (a must read, if you don’t recall it). Here’s some more. First, he’s seen BK stand like this for quite a while. I have also seen anoles do the same. I wonder what’s up. Maybe they’re into yoga? A new pose–Sideways Lizard?

And here’s another photo. John writes: “I’ve noticed that when they catch/eat something, they rub their faces(?), or their catch on the concrete, like he’s doing here. What’s that all about?” Indeed, what is that all about? I’ve seen it, too. Are they using the ground as their own personal napkin? But then why do it to prey items, too? Thoughts?

Editor’s note: check out this video, referred to in the comment below by reader Beachton

[vimeo https://vimeo.com/1986146]

Anole Talks At The Ecological Society of America Meeting This Week

What can a kitty cam tell us about the secret lives of anoles? Photo from http://blogs.inlandsocal.com/pets/4501cat.jpg

The 97th annual meeting of the Ecological Society of America begins Sunday in Portland. These meetings are truly enormous, and given the great amount of ecological research, past and present, on anoles, it’s surprising that there are not more anole talks scheduled. Nonetheless, there are three, and they look to be good ones. On Tuesday, Sean Giery will talk about studies on the ecosystem role of anoles in Miami. Basically, by examining stomach contents and measuring stable isotopes, he determined the extent to which terrestrial resources enter arboreal ecosystems. For A. equestris and A. distichus, the route is terrestrial insects walking up trees and being eaten, whereas for A. sagrei, it results from foraging on the ground. Also on Tuesday, Jason Kolbe talks on an experimental study of founder events in the Bahamas. We’ve already reported on this study, but Jason will be providing at least a few snippets of new data from this year’s field season. Finally, on Thursday, Kerrie Anne Lloyd will talk about a study looking at predation rates by domestic cats in Georgia, as determined by placing Kitty Cams on housecats. Turns out that a favorite prey item is, alas, green anoles.

Check out the abstracts for these talks below the fold, and if any AA readers attend the talks, please file a report.

Best Anole Documentary Ever

httpv://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2xXPcYUnKRM

At least according to some. AA emailed the production team asking for the back story, but we still await a response.

And while we’re on the topic of anole flicks, here’s a video of an emaciated but alert and active female green anole slowing changing color.

Anoles (And Other Lizards) Featured In Temple Magazine

My brother just sent me the Spring 2012 issue of the Temple University magazine, a quarterly publication the university sends to alumni and donors.  The cover story features the biomechanics research of Dr. Tonia Hsieh and describes the various animal taxa her lab uses to ask questions about animal locomotion in challenging environments. This work, also featured in a January article in the Philadelphia Inquirer, has a wide variety of potential applications ranging from the development of nimble robots to suggestions for how to prevent slips and falls among the elderly.

The article and some accompanying online material are a quick, interesting read and contain some great images and videos.  Although other taxa get all the glamor shots, the article does describe how a lab colony of Anolis carolinensis is used study how animals recover and maintain their balance when navigating slippery surfaces.

 

Movie Review: Anoles, Spiders, And Superheroes

Spoiler Alert: I’m about to discuss the central plot of Spiderman. I assume most readers are by now familiar with the movie’s central conceit, namely that a noble scientist valiantly strives to create a race of super-lizards with extraordinary powers to benefit all of humanity, but tragically is stymied by the movie’s villian, a pajama-clad arachnophile with psychological baggage that produces an unreasonable antipathy to all things reptilian.

I won’t go into the particulars, but suffice to say that until its tragic denouement, the work is a herpetological marvel, as well as an inspiration to what may be accomplished by the miracles of genomics. Particularly impressive was the scene in which the oversized saurian regenerates its tail–quite graphically and accurately–in real time. Admittedly, the CGI lizards (of which I can’t find any photos online) were not quite up to par, but not a bad effort. Moreover, the best character in the movie is the chief scientist, Curt Connors, who immediately upon entrance introduces himself as the world’s foremost authority on herpetology and, as if to prove it, has an office replete with herpetological items (ok, two that I noticed: a stuffed turtle and a sea turtle skull).

Dr. Curt Connors, the world’s foremost herpetologist.

But, you may be thinking, a movie featuring lizards is great in all, but what’s the connection to anoles? Admittedly, there was no lizard or superhero in the movie who could be identified as anoline (incidentally, Time magazine has a nice discussion of what actual lizards may have been the basis for these creatures). However, and you may consider this a stretch, there was one link to the anole world: Connors, the scientist, was a dead ringer* for Jonathan Roughgarden (vintage 20 years ago), a resemblance enhanced by Collins’ obvious theoretical brilliance. Now, of course, it was disappointing when Connors transformed himself into a Komodo-sized saurian that bore no resemblance to Anolis gingivinus or any other Lesser Antillean anole, or even any anole at all, but perhaps we can save that for the sequel (Spiderman II: The Anole Strikes Back), when Connor triumphantly re-emerges to vanquish the spider-people and save humanity.

*by “dead ringer” I mean “bore a slight resemblance, at least in my mind’s eye”

Scary? Try adding a dewlap and toepads!

Rare Cuban Trunk Anole Spotted On Isla De Juventud

Photos from Cádiz and Birds report in IRCF Reptiles & Amphibians.

Trunk anoles are the least diverse and most enigmatic of the six replicated anole ecomorph categories (the others are grass-bush, trunk-ground, trunk-crown, twig, and crown giant). Numerous species of trunk anoles belonging to the distichus species group are a dominant component of Hispaniola’s anole fauna, but Cuba has only one very rare trunk anole species and Jamaica and Puerto Rico have no trunk anoles whatsoever.  In the latest IRCF Reptiles & Amphibians: Conservation and Natural History, Cádiz and Bird report the first occurrence of the Cuban trunk anole – A. loysianus – on Isla de Juventud.  This is the first time that this spectacular little anole species has been reported from Cuba’s largest satellite island.

Hatching for Hobbyists

Some previous posts on Anole Annals have stimulated excellent discussions regarding the care of Anolis eggs in a laboratory setting.  To this, I’d like to share a few tips as a hobbyist who has successfully incubated A. carolinensis eggs outside the laboratory for many years.

A month before breeding season, I place a small organic (fertilizer-free) potted basil plant in each cage.  This plant is watered weekly to keep the soil moist enough to prevent egg dessication without making the soil too heavy for easy digging.  Every few days, I comb through the soil with my fingers to check for eggs.

An A. carolinensis digging a hole to bury her egg

Anolis Carolinensis Lab Model Of The Month


ResearchBlogging.orgThe good folks at Lab Animalput out by the Nature Publishing Group, have named the green anole Miss June, er, I mean Model Animal of the Month in their June issue. If you’re not familiar with this periodical, it’s a “peer-reviewed journal publishing timely and informative editorial material emphasizing proper management and care. Lab Animal reaches over 10,000 professionals in both the academic world and applied research industries.” Obviously, quite a perceptive bunch, and the article, “The Ever Adaptable Anole,” is quite accurate and informative.

Anon. (2012). The ever-adaptable anole Lab Animal, 41 (6), 149-149 DOI: 10.1038/laban0612-149

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